Optimal crater landmark selection based on optical navigation performance factors for planetary landing

Planetary craters are natural navigation landmarks that widely exist and are easily observed. Optical navigation based on crater landmarks has become an important autonomous navigation method for planetary landing. Due to the increase in observed crater landmarks and the limitation of onboard computation, the selection of good crater landmarks has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of landmark-based optical navigation. This paper designs a fast crater landmark selection method, which not only considers the configuration observability of crater subsets but also focuses on the influence on navigation performance arising from the measurement uncertainty and the matching confidence of craters, which is different from other landmark selection methods. The factor of measurement uncertainty, which is anisotropic, correlated and nonidentically distributed, is quantified and integrated into selection based on crater pairing detection and localization error evaluation. In addition, the concept of the crater matching confidence factor is introduced, which reflects the possibility of 2D projection measurements corresponding to 3D positions. Combined with the configuration observability factor, the crater landmark selection indicator is formed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by Monte Carlo simulations.     

基于空间三轴激光陀螺的恒速偏频寻北技术

激光陀螺特有的闭锁效应使得其在应用中必须采取偏频去锁的方法,速率偏频技术可以有效降低激光陀螺随机游走误差,提高测量精度。基于空间三轴激光陀螺自身特有的三轴正交斜置特性,采用恒速偏频方法,通过建立新的系统误差方程,引入刻度系数误差状态量,采用卡尔曼滤波方法实现了系统的高精度寻北。这种初始对准方法对准速度快,对准精度也有较大提高,5min寻北精度能达到90″(3σ)。     

下一代空间激光骨干网络全光处理技术

构建以高速激光链路为传输主体的空间激光骨干网络，是保障空间数据高速传输、提升信息共享率与时效性、实现信息服务网络全球覆盖的重要技术手段。空间数据容量的快速增加要求网络节点处数据处理带宽与之相适应且具备一定扩展性和兼容性。由于空间激光骨干网络节点较少、数据快速传输的特点，围绕我国下一代空间激光骨干网络节点处高带宽、低延迟的数据处理需求，基于交叉相位调制XPM和四波混频FWM两种光学三阶非线性效应分析并讨论了骨干节点处高速激光链路的交换/组播、制式转换及中继/再生全光数据处理技术，为我国下一代空间信息网络建设及高速激光链路的全面应用提供支撑。     

Effects of fiber orientation on tool wear evolution and wear mechanism when cutting carbon fiber reinforced plastics

The aim of the present paper is to reveal the influence of different fiber orientations on the tool wear evolution and wear mechanism. Side-milling experiments with large-diameter milling tools are conducted. A finite element (FE) cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is established to get insight into the cutting stress status at different wear stages. The results show that different fiber orientations bring about distinct differences in the extent, profile and mechanism of tool wear. Severer wear occurs when cutting 45° and 90° plies, followed by 0°, correspondingly, the least wear is obtained when θ = 135° (θ represents the orientation of fibers). Moreover, the worn profiles of cutting tools when θ = 0° and 45° are waterfall edge, while round edge occurs when θ = 135° and a combined shape of waterfall and round edge is obtained when θ = 90°. The wear mechanisms under different fiber orientations are strongly dependent on the cutting stress distributions. The evolution of tool wear profile is basically consistent with the stress distribution on the tool surface at different wear stages, and the extent of tool wear is determined by the magnitude of stress on the tool surface. Besides, the worn edges produce an actual negative clearance angle, which decreases the actual cutting thickness and leads to compressing and bending failure of fibers beneath the cutting region as well as low surface qualities.     

CFRP网格面板蜂窝夹芯结构锁相红外检测方法

依据CFRP网格面板蜂窝夹芯结构、成型工艺、使用环境,以有效检测其内部脱粘、分层、纤维断裂缺陷为目标,设计并制作了含有典型缺陷试块,通过试验确定了锁相红外热成像检测的锁相周期、锁相频率等检测参数,建立了锁相红外热成像检测方法。试验表明:该方法能够有效的检测并分别出CFRP网格面板蜂窝夹芯结构中的脱粘缺陷、分层缺陷、纤维断裂。     

低信噪比大频偏空间光信号的频率捕获研究

卫星相干光通信系统信号解调过程中,卫星相对运动会导致接收的信号光产生GHz量级的多普勒频移,信号光的远距离传输导致光信噪比极低,传统方法无法在低信噪比下补偿大范围多普勒频移,严重影响通信系统的能力。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种两段式频率捕获算法,该算法包含自动扫频和锁频控制两个阶段。自动扫频阶段通过本振光自动频率扫描将频差缩小至100 MHz量级;锁频控制阶段通过高精度的本振光频率控制与FFT变换,在低信噪比下继续缩小频差至MHz量级。仿真验证结果表明：该算法可在2 dB信噪比下补偿大动态范围的10 GHz范围多普勒频差,满足卫星相干光通信解调需求。     

Effect of gap and overlap on mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness of automated fiber placement prepreg laminates

Automated Fiber Placement(AFP) technology facilitates the manufacturing process of composite structures with complex geometry owing to its high efficiency and accuracy.However,the unavoidable imperfections induced by the automated layup method bring challenges to the stability of the final mechanical properties of composites.The influence of AFP-induced gaps and overlaps on the mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture process of oven-cured laminates is experimentally investigated and explicitly revealed.End...     

基于模糊核均值聚类优化的光流测速方法CSCD

光流算法作为一种载体速度测量方法,易受光照变化、物体相对移动影响,最终导致速度信息获取不准确。为了提高载体运动速度解算精度,提出了一种基于模糊核均值聚类算法优化的金字塔Lucas-Kanade光流测速方法(FKCM-金字塔LK)。该方法首先通过金字塔LK光流算法得到稀疏光流,然后使用模糊核均值聚类算法对稀疏光流数据进行聚类处理,最终建立光流与实验平台运动参数之间的关系,并得到准确的速度信息。实验结果表明,提出的基于模糊核均值聚类算法优化的金字塔LK光流测速方法不仅可以有效地减少物体相对移动对光流测速的影响,而且与现有其他光流测速方法相比,速度测量精度得到显著提高。     

基于模式分集的星地激光通信技术研究

针对星地激光通信的大气湍流导致信号光损伤这一问题，实验搭建了一种能够补偿大气湍流的空间激光通信系统，采用模式分集接收结合最大比合并方法对大气湍流进行补偿，采用相干探测技术对高阶调制信号进行光电探测。在不同湍流强度下进行了传输实验，结果表明：模式分集空间激光通信系统的性能相比较于单模光纤接收系统有较大提升，随着湍流强度的增加，性能提升更加显著。在弱、中、强三种湍流强度以及相同目标误码率情况下，模式分集系统相比单模光纤接收系统分别降低了约4.2 dB、5.1 dB 和 5.5 dB的链路损耗。在弱、中、强三种湍流强度以及相同目标中断概率下，模式分集接收系统相比单模光纤接收系统分别降低了约3 dB、5.9 dB 和 4.3 dB的链路损耗。     

基于空间光反馈的复合轴跟踪稳定特性研究

复合轴系统通过粗瞄结构和精瞄机构配合，解决了空间光通信大角度和高精度跟踪之间的矛盾，是实现高速率空间光通信的重要手段。但是粗瞄和精瞄配合工作也给复合轴系统带来了复杂的解耦问题，使整个系统的鲁棒性降低，在跟踪速率变化较快的目标时，容易出现振荡，甚至使系统处于不稳定状态。以复合轴系统为研究基础，通过伯德图对系统的跟踪带宽、精度和稳定性进行分析，得到解耦过程是影响复合轴系统稳定性的主要原因。提出了基于跟踪微分器的线性自抗扰复合轴控制解耦方案，在保证系统精度的情况下，抑制系统在解耦过程中可能出现的振荡发散现象。在卫星轨道模拟平台上进行复合轴跟踪实验，实验结果证明，在最大角加速度0.32°/s2的轨道运动和最大角加速度2.26°/s2的微振动情况下，改进复合轴控制有效地提高了系统跟踪的稳定性，最终跟踪精度优于1 μrad(3σ)。